Constitution of Romania (1991)

The post Ceausescu charter, revised for NATO and EU integration.

Overview

Adopted by referendum December 8, 1991 after the December 1989 revolution, the Romanian Constitution created a semi presidential republic with a bicameral parliament and a Constitutional Court. The 2003 revision, passed for EU accession, restructured property and justice clauses and foreign policy commitments. Its civil service and judicial chapters underpin the reform and reversal cycles of the 2010s and 2020s rule of law disputes. The 2023 referendum on family definition proposals failed turnout, illustrating direct democracy gaps. It remains the framework of one of the EUs most institutionally contested member states.