Europe

Sealed at Runnymede in June 1215 by King John under pressure from rebellious barons, Magna Carta established the principle that th...

Drafted by a Parliamentary Council in 1948 and 1949 under Allied supervision, the Basic Law was intended as a temporary framework ...

Approved by referendum in September 1958 under Charles de Gaulle, the Fifth Republic Constitution was crafted to cure the revolvin...

Adopted by the Constituent Assembly in December 1947 after a referendum abolished the monarchy, the Italian Constitution came into...

Ratified by referendum in December 1978 with about 88 percent approval, the Spanish Constitution was crafted by representatives of...

One of four fundamental laws that make up the Swedish constitution, the 1974 Instrument of Government completed the long shift of ...

Signed at Eidsvoll on May 17, 1814, during the upheaval of the Napoleonic Wars, the Norwegian Constitution declared independence f...

Approved by a narrow referendum in May 1997, the Polish Constitution replaced the heavily amended communist era text and the provi...

Adopted by referendum in December 1993 following President Yeltsins dissolution of parliament and the armed standoff that autumn, ...

Drafted under Eamon de Valera and adopted by referendum in July 1937, the Irish Constitution came into force in December of that y...

Approved in July 1919 in Weimar, away from Berlin unrest, the German Constitution created a semi presidential democracy with a dir...

Completed in September 1791 after two years of revolution, the French Constitution of 1791 transformed the absolute monarchy into ...

Adopted by the Convention in June 1793 and ratified by primary assemblies amid near universal male suffrage, the Constitution of Y...

Promulgated in December 1936, the Stalin Constitution presented the USSR as a perfected socialist state, with universal direct suf...

Known as La Pepa, promulgated March 19, 1812 at Cadiz while most of Spain lay under Napoleonic occupation, the Cadiz Constitution ...

Adopted by the Four Year Sejm on May 3, 1791, the Government Act of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth is regarded as Europes firs...

Promulgated in February 1835 at Kragujevac by Prince Milos Obrenovic under secretary Dimitrije Davidovic, the Sretenje Constitutio...

Proclaimed April 16, 1871 with the new empire, the constitution of the Kaiserreich created a federal state of kingdoms and duchies...

Adopted in February 1974, the Yugoslav Constitution devolved sweeping authority to the six republics and two provinces, giving the...

Adopted in August 1949 under Rakosi, Hungarys constitution was copied from the 1936 Soviet model, declaring a peoples republic and...

Passed in April 2011 by the Fidesz two thirds majority and effective January 2012, the Fundamental Law replaced the amended 1949 t...

San Marinos constitutional order is customarily traced to the Statutes of 1600, six books of law, which with the 1909 declaration ...

Adopted by referendum and effective June 17, 1944, the Icelandic Constitution took the 1874 Danish granted text with 1920 amendmen...

Signed June 5, 1849 by Frederick VII, the Danish Constitution ended absolute monarchy, which had run since 1660, and created a con...

Finlands Act of Form of Government of July 17, 1919 established the republic after independence from Russia in 1917 and civil war ...

The Kingdoms constitution dates from 1815 under William I, a bargain uniting northern and southern Netherlands. The 1848 revision ...

Adopted February 7, 1831, the Belgian Constitution was among the most liberal of its century, enumerating freedoms of press, assoc...

The Swiss Constitution of 1874 revised the 1848 founding text, deepening the federal state and opening the legislative referendum ...

Adopted December 16, 1992 in advance of the January 1, 1993 dissolution of Czechoslovakia, the Czech Constitution created a parlia...

Adopted by referendum December 8, 1991 after the December 1989 revolution, the Romanian Constitution created a semi presidential r...

Adopted June 28, 1996 after prolonged deadlock, the Ukrainian Constitution established a presidency parliament hybrid, refined by ...

Adopted October 1, 1920 under Hans Kelsen decisive drafting, the Austrian Constitution created a parliamentary republic and the wo...

Approved by parliament June 7, 1975 after the colonels fall in 1974, the Greek Constitution consolidated a parliamentary republic ...

Approved by an elected Constituent Assembly on April 2, 1976 and in force from April 25, the second anniversary of the Carnation R...

Approved by referendum on June 28, 1992, less than a year after Estonia restored its independence from the Soviet Union, the const...

Adopted by a national assembly at Corte in November 1755 under the leadership of Pasquale Paoli, the constitution of the independe...