Constitution of South Africa

The 1996 constitution celebrated for its comprehensive bill of rights and reconciliation framing.

Overview

Negotiated as apartheid ended and signed by Nelson Mandela in December 1996, entering force in February 1997, the South African Constitution is widely regarded as one of the most progressive ever written. Its Bill of Rights covers equality, human dignity, life, privacy, and socioeconomic rights to housing, health care, food, water, and education. It established a Constitutional Court as the apex tribunal, recognized eleven official languages, and founded constitutional supremacy over parliamentary sovereignty. Born from all party negotiations and public submissions, it stands as a global model for divided societies managing transition without vengeance.